JMS即Java消息服务（Java Message Service）应用程序接口，是一个Java平台中关于面向消息中间件（MOM）的API，用于在两个应用程序之间，或分布式系统中发送消息，进行异步通信。消息中间件一般都遵循JMS规范，如图：
消息队列（Message Queue）也叫做消息中间件。生产者发送消息到消息队列，消费者则从队列中获取消息进行消费，达到异步、解耦、削峰。
生产者发送消息有两种类型queue和topic。
下载地址：https://activemq.apache.org/components/classic/download/ ，支持Windows/Linux平台，根据相应的JDK版本选择对应的版本。
Windows版本apache-activemq-5.16.4为例，解压并启动bin目录下对应系统的activemq.bat文件
可以根据系统选择32位或者64位
启动完成访问 http://127.0.0.1:8161， 默认用户和密码是admin/admin
public class Producer {
public static final String QUEUE_NAME = "queue";
public static void main(String[] args) throws JMSException {
// 创建连接工厂
ActiveMQConnectionFactory factory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory();
// 创建连接
Connection connection = factory.createConnection();
// 启动连接
connection.start();
// 创建session
Session session = connection.createSession(false, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);
// 创建消息类型为queue
Queue queue = session.createQueue(QUEUE_NAME);
// 创建生产者
MessageProducer producer = session.createProducer(queue);
// 发送消息到MQ
for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
TextMessage textMessage = session.createTextMessage("message->>>>"+i);
producer.send(textMessage);
}
// 关闭连接
connection.close();
}
}
消费者
public class Consumer {
public static final String QUEUE_NAME = "queue";
public static void main(String[] args) throws JMSException, IOException {
// 创建连接工厂
ActiveMQConnectionFactory factory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory();
// 创建连接
Connection connection = factory.createConnection();
// 启动连接
connection.start();
// 创建session
Session session = connection.createSession(false, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);
// 创建接收消息为Queue类型，QUEUE_NAME要与生产者一致
Queue queue = session.createQueue(QUEUE_NAME);
// 创建消费者
MessageConsumer consumer = session.createConsumer(queue);
// 消费消息
TextMessage textMessage = (TextMessage) consumer.receive();
System.out.println(textMessage.getText());
System.out.println("结束---------------》");
// 关闭连接
connection.close();
}
}
这里消费者的receive()方法是个阻塞方法，如果mq里面没有消息可以消费，会一直等待，知道有新的消息。
可以使用receive(long timeout)方法指定等待超时时间。
public class TopicProducer {
private static final String TOPIC_NAME = "topic_name";
public static void main(String[] args) throws JMSException {
// 创建连接工厂
ActiveMQConnectionFactory factory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory();
// 创建连接
Connection connection = factory.createConnection();
// 启动连接
connection.start();
// 创建session
Session session = connection.createSession(false, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);
// 创建消息类型为topic
Topic topic = (Topic) session.createTopic(TOPIC_NAME);
// 创建生产者
MessageProducer producer = session.createProducer(topic);
// 发送消息到MQ
for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
TextMessage textMessage = session.createTextMessage("topic_message->>>>"+i);
producer.send(textMessage);
}
// 关闭连接
connection.close();
}
}
消费者
public class TopicConsumer1 {
public static final String TOPIC_NAME = "topic_name";
public static void main(String[] args) throws JMSException, IOException {
// 创建连接工厂
ActiveMQConnectionFactory factory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory();
// 创建连接
Connection connection = factory.createConnection();
// 启动连接
connection.start();
// 创建session
Session session = connection.createSession(false, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);
// 创建接收消息为topic类型，TOPIC_NAME要与生产者一致
Topic topic = session.createTopic(TOPIC_NAME);
// 创建消费者
MessageConsumer consumer = session.createConsumer(topic);
// 消费消息
consumer.setMessageListener(message -> {
TextMessage textMessage = (TextMessage) message;
try {
System.out.println(textMessage.getText());
} catch (JMSException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
});
System.in.read();
// 关闭连接
connection.close();
}
}
SpringBoot整合ActiveMQ
引入依赖
配置org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-activemq org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-web org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-test test
server:
port: 8001
spring:
activemq:
# activemq服务地址
broker-url: tcp://localhost:61616
# 账号密码
user: admin
password: admin
jms:
# 消息类型 false: 点对点queue true: 发布/订阅topic
pub-sub-domain: false
@Configuration
@EnableJms
public class ActivemqConfig {
public Queue queue() {
return new ActiveMQQueue("boot_queue");
}
}
@EnableJms 注解开启mq
编写生产者@Service
public class Producer {
@Autowired
private JmsMessagingTemplate jmsMessagingTemplate;
@Autowired
private Queue queue;
public void sendJms() {
String msg = "boot msg >>>" + System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println(msg);
jmsMessagingTemplate.convertAndSend(queue, msg);
}
}
编写消费者
@Service
public class Consumer {
@JmsListener(destination = "boot_queue")
public void receiveJms(TextMessage textMessage) throws JMSException {
System.out.println("消费消息：" + textMessage.getText());
}
}
测试
@SpringBootTest
class ActivemqApplicationTests {
@Autowired
private Producer producer;
@Test
void contextLoads() {
producer.sendJms();
}
}
@SpringBootTest
class ActivemqApplicationTests {
@Test
void contextLoads() {
}
}
直接启动测试类，消费者自动接收消息。
发布/订阅发布/订阅消息基本和队列消息一样编写，pub-sub-domain改成true, bean注入改成Topic。
RocketMQ 概述 架构Producer：消息生产者，支持分布式集群部署。Producer通过MQ的负载均衡模块选择相应的Broker集群队列进行消息投递，投递的过程支持快速失败并且低延迟。
Consumer：消息消费者，支持分布式集群部署。支持以push推，pull拉两种模式对消息进行消费。同时也支持集群方式和广播方式的消费，它提供实时消息订阅机制，可以满足大多数用户的需求。
NameServer：NameServer是一个非常简单的Topic路由注册中心，其角色类似Dubbo中的zookeeper，支持Broker的动态注册与发现。主要包括两个功能：Broker管理，NameServer接受Broker集群的注册信息并且保存下来作为路由信息的基本数据。然后提供心跳检测机制，检查Broker是否还存活；路由信息管理，每个NameServer将保存关于Broker集群的整个路由信息和用于客户端查询的队列信息。然后Producer和Conumser通过NameServer就可以知道整个Broker集群的路由信息，从而进行消息的投递和消费。NameServer通常也是集群的方式部署，各实例间相互不进行信息通讯。Broker是向每一台NameServer注册自己的路由信息，所以每一个NameServer实例上面都保存一份完整的路由信息。当某个NameServer因某种原因下线了，Broker仍然可以向其它NameServer同步其路由信息，Producer和Consumer仍然可以动态感知Broker的路由的信息。
BrokerServer：Broker主要负责消息的存储、投递和查询以及服务高可用保证，为了实现这些功能，Broker包含了以下几个重要子模块。
地址：https://rocketmq.apache.org/dowloading/releases/
source-release.zip为源码压缩包，需要编译后使用
bin-release.zip为二进制压缩包，推荐下载
上传linux服务器，执行解压命令。
启动NameServer# 进入bin目录 nohup sh mqnamesrv & # 查看日志 tail -f ~/logs/rocketmqlogs/namesrv.log启动Broker
# 进入bin目录 nohup sh mqbroker -n localhost:9876 & # 若要按指定配置启动broker 则要加上 -c 指定文件目录 如： nohup sh mqbroker -n localhost:9876 -c conf/broker.conf & # 查看日志 tail -f ~/logs/rocketmqlogs/broker.log测试生产/消费
export NAMESRV_ADDR=localhost:9876
sh bin/tools.sh org.apache.rocketmq.example.quickstart.Producer
sh bin/tools.sh org.apache.rocketmq.example.quickstart.Consumer客户端编写
案例：https://github.com/apache/rocketmq/blob/master/docs/cn/RocketMQ_Example.md
SpringBoot整合RocketMQ 引入依赖配置生产者org.apache.rocketmq rocketmq-spring-boot-starter 2.2.2
rocketmq:
# namesrv 地址
name-server: xx.xx.xx.xx:9876
producer:
# 生产者组
group: producer-test
@Component
public class Producer {
@Autowired
private RocketMQTemplate rocketMQTemplate;
public void sendMsg() {
rocketMQTemplate.convertAndSend("boot-topic", "springboot消息！");
}
}
测试
@SpringBootTest
class RocketmqApplicationTests {
@Autowired
private Producer producer;
@Test
void contextLoads() {
producer.sendMsg();
}
}
配置消费者
rocketmq: # namesrv 地址 name-server: xx.xx.xx.xx:9876
@Component @RocketMQMessageListener(topic = "boot-topic", consumerGroup = "consumer-group-test") public class Consumer implements RocketMQListener{ @Override public void onMessage(String msg) { System.out.println("receive message: " + msg); } }
consumerGroup：消费者组名称，topic：订阅主题，selectorExpression：订阅消息tag
RocketMQ控制台 下载项目地址：https://github.com/apache/rocketmq-dashboard
配置启动#
# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
# contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
# this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
# The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
# (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
# the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
#
server:
port: 8080
servlet:
encoding:
charset: UTF-8
enabled: true
force: true
## SSL setting
# ssl:
# key-store: classpath:rmqcngkeystore.jks
# key-store-password: rocketmq
# key-store-type: PKCS12
# key-alias: rmqcngkey
spring:
application:
name: rocketmq-dashboard
logging:
config: classpath:logback.xml
rocketmq:
config:
# if this value is empty,use env value rocketmq.config.namesrvAddr NAMESRV_ADDR | now, default localhost:9876
# configure multiple namesrv addresses to manage multiple different clusters
namesrvAddrs:
- 127.0.0.1:9876
- 127.0.0.2:9876
# if you use rocketmq version < 3.5.8, rocketmq.config.isVIPChannel should be false.default true
isVIPChannel:
# timeout for mqadminExt, default 5000ms
timeoutMillis:
# rocketmq-console's data path:dashboard/monitor
dataPath: /tmp/rocketmq-console/data
# set it false if you don't want use dashboard.default true
enableDashBoardCollect: true
# set the message track trace topic if you don't want use the default one
msgTrackTopicName:
ticketKey: ticket
# must create userInfo file: ${rocketmq.config.dataPath}/users.properties if the login is required
loginRequired: false
useTLS: false
# set the accessKey and secretKey if you used acl
accessKey: # if version > 4.4.0
secretKey: # if version > 4.4.0
threadpool:
config:
coreSize: 10
maxSize: 10
keepAliveTime: 3000
queueSize: 5000
修改namesrvAddrs地址，dataPath日志文件缓存地址。启动服务即可
